Essay - 880 Words

The year 2017 was a productive and fulfilling year. I continued to publish articles; participated in a number of conferences, both nationally and internationally; got a contract for a scholarly book with the University of California Press and two contracts for textbooks—one in English and the other in Arabic. I also continued to be the co-editor of Jerusalem Quarterly. Furthermore, I o-curated an exhibition, and served as a book referee for Princeton University Press. On teaching and service level, I taught a number of classes here at ISU and at Qatar University, and was active in committee work, be it at ISU, Qatar University, or elsewhere on voluntary basis. A great deal of my time in 2017 was devoted to research. I have a number of†¦show more content†¦In terms of published chapters, I have submitted a number of articles for publication, they include: â€Å"Bearers of Memory: Photo Albums as Sources of Historical Study in Palestine†; â€Å"The Pasha’s Official Photographer(s): The Picturing the Fourth Army’s Suez Campaign†; and â€Å"The Wasif Jawharriyeh Collection: Illustrating Jerusalem during the first half of the 20th century.† The books will be out in 2018, and the detailed information is available on my CV, enclosed with this report. I also published one article in Ostour Journal for Historical Studies entitled â€Å"History and Nationalism: The Case of Palestine,† and another that will appear in The Journal for Palestine Studies in 2018, entitled â€Å"Sykes-Picot and Palestine.† I also published an essay in the guidebook of the Palestinian museum entitled â€Å"A Brief History of Photography in Palestine.† In addition, I co-curated, with Ariella Azoulay, the â€Å"Time Travelers in Palestine,† exhibition that opened in March at Brown University’s Watson Institute. I wrote the catalogue essay for the exhibition. On the academic front, also is my participation in conferences, symposia, and the invited presentations I gave. I was a guest speaker at events in Germany, France, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Qatar, the UK, as well as the US. In terms of service, I am currently on two departmental committees at ISU: DFSC and the search committee for the position of early modern historian of Europe. Outside of the department, I was a member of theShow MoreRelatedWhat Is an Essay?1440 Words   |  6 PagesBuscemi Essay #3 Rough Draft An essay is a creative written piece in which the author uses different styles such as diction, tone, pathos, ethos or logos to communicate a message to the reader using either a personal experience, filled with morals and parables, or a informative text filled with educational terms. Educational terms could mean the usage of complicated and elevated words or simply information you would get in schools. Some authors, such as Cynthia Ozick, claim that an essay has noRead Morenarrative essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Essay A Brief Guide to Writing Narrative Essays Narrative writing tells a story. In essays the narrative writing could also be considered reflection or an exploration of the author s values told as a story. The author may remember his or her past, or a memorable person or event from that past, or even observe the present. When you re writing a narrative essay, loosen up. After all, you re basically just telling a story to someone, something you probably do every day in casual conversationRead MoreApplication Essay : A Process Essay770 Words   |  4 Pagesassign an essay. The entire class lets out a groan that could be heard from miles away, however this doesn’t phase your professor. The essay is assigned: a process essay. Now what? What is a process essay? How do you go about writing one? How do you get the A you so desperately need? This paper will discuss everything one needs to know in order to write the perfect process essay such as the definition of a process essay, how to construct it, and how to use proper transitions to make the essay flow. Read MoreEssay763 Words   |  4 PagesCan’t be Built on Soccer Fever† and â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† In Jonathan Zimmerman’s essay â€Å"African National Identities Can’t Be Built on Soccer Fever† he describes how soccer brings the people of Africa together. He talks about the unity of Africans and how much soccer is a part of their lives. He also describes the underlying reason of why soccer is so heavily pushed. The perspective in the essay â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† Tim Bowling discusses his passion for hockey and his hate forRead MoreThe Colonel Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn the essay, The Colonel, Michael Hogan illustrates the importance of the influential sport of tennis. Hogan writes about how tennis changed his life from an early age. When he was younger he saw tennis as a rich mans sport in which he had no interest. One of his much-respected neighbors, the colonel, approached Hogan’s father with the idea that his son might like to learn how to play tennis. After pondering the thought with his father, Hogan decided to take t he offer. The Colonel became his mentorRead MorePersuasive Essays : Persuasive Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagesbegan this class, I loved to write persuasive essays. I loved to write about my own opinions and I was quite good at convincing people to agree with my stand points. To convince others to agree on my point of view was an extraordinary feeling. I am very good at getting my point across and giving my reasons on why I feel the way I do about a certain situation. I loved writing persuasive essays because I love to read them as well. I love how persuasive essays have a call-to-action; giving the readers aRead MoreEnglish Composition One: To Be an Essay or Not to Be an Essay That Is the Question910 Words   |  4 Pages In the past, the mention to have to write a paper for an assignment caused me to break out in a sweat or my mouth instantly dries, well it does not have that kind of effect on me anymore. The key to successfully completing the essay on time is getting to researc h the topic at hand as soon as possible or before the process of writing begins. The next step for me would be to find the argument and take a side. Moreover, picking a thesis statement through brainstorming the information I gathered forRead More Flight Essay834 Words   |  4 Pages Essay on quot;Flightquot; amp;#9;It is always hard to get separated from someone you love and with whom you have shared every moment of his life until he decides to walk on a different path than yours. You dont know how to react and confusion dominates your mind. Should you be angry at him for leaving you, or should you support and respect his decision ? In her essay quot;Flight,quot; Doris Lessing illustrates the story of an old man who is learning to let go his granddaughter as she growsRead MoreEssay and Academic Life1117 Words   |  5 Pageslanguage learner? Discuss two or three problems with specific examples and details. Ex. 9 Analyzing students’ essays. Use the assignment and the Student Essays to answer the following questions. Assignment: Computers have become an important part of educational process. Write convincing illustration to this statement. Use specific and convincing examples and details. Student Essay 1 Computer as a multipurpose universal instrument of education. In our days computers have become an importantRead More Community Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesan important effect on the shaping of a person’s character is key in both Pythia Peay’s essay, â€Å"Soul Searching† and Winona LaDuke’s interview transcribed in essay form entitled, â€Å"Reclaiming Culture and the Land: Motherhood and the Politics of Sustaining Community†. The two authors present ideas, similar and different, of what it means to live in and be a part of community. Through examining these two essays, summarizing and synthesizing, we can gain a better understanding of what community is and

Domestic Violence Against Men By Suzanne Steinmetz

The earliest literature reference to domestic violence against men can be found in the studies of Suzanne Steinmetz (1977,1978) entitled, â€Å"The Battered Husband Syndrome.† She hypothesizes that the incidents of husband-on-wife beatings rivals the incidents of wife perpetrated batterings, and that it was husband abuse not wife abuse that was underreported form of domestic violence. Steinmetz used two United States populations, a broadband nonrepresentative group and a random sample in New Castle, Delaware in the form of police reports and family surveys. The small study found only small differences in the percent of men and women who resorted to violence in the context of pushing, shoving, or hitting with hands or an object. This suggested early on that domestic violence is not a one way street. Husband beating is a serious issue and needs attention due to the fact that it is grossly underreported. Steinmetz received numerous criticism from her colleagues on this concep t. In later studies, Murray Straus, Richard Gelles, and Suzanne Steinmetz (1980), authors of the book, Behind Closed Doors: Violence in The American Family, supports Steinmetz’s earlier studies in finding that women acted violently during marital affairs compared to a similar number of men who act violently in the United States. The study used 2,413 family surveys, finding in majority of them that the level of violence was a mutual or bilateral activity, with only 27% of cases finding that husbands were theShow MoreRelatedDomestic Bias Of Domestic Violence1659 Words   |  7 Pages Domestic Bias in Violence Unprovoked battering. Over the years the term domestic violence has been given mass popularity in society. This is due to the many highly publicized events ranging from the Ray Rice’s abuse charges all the way to the murder trial of O.J. Simpson. The term domestic violence has emerged from a vow of silence in households to a prevalent discussion that has flourished throughout society. Or has it? Yes, domestic violence has been recognized as an issue in society. This hasRead MoreEssay Domestic Violence Against Men2504 Words   |  11 PagesThe first reaction upon hearing about the topic of battered men, for many people, is that of incredulity. Battered husbands are a topic for jokes (such as the cartoon image of a woman chasing her husband with a rolling-pin). One researcher noted that wives were the perpetrators in 73% of the depictions of domestic violence in newspaper comics (Saenger 1963). Battered husbands have historically been either ignored or subjected to ridicule and abuse. In 18th-century France, a battered husband wasRead MoreDomestic Violence: Beyond Patriarchy3825 Words   |  16 PagesDomestic Violence: Beyond Patriarchy In the Beginning The Battered Womens movement of the 1970s enlightened society about a much secreted, and what at the time, was considered a family matter, that of violence against women by their male intimate partners. Many lives have been saved as a direct result of societys public awareness of this much-hidden scourge on our families. Federal and state laws prohibiting Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) have been enacted, and funding has been put in place

Illegal Immigration, good or bad Free Essays

Illegal immigration has been going on for hundreds of years already. But, over the years it has been increasing dramatically. Illegal immigrants have been poured across the border to grab agricultural jobs during the worker shortages precipitated by World War II. We will write a custom essay sample on Illegal Immigration, good or bad? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ranchers and farmers along the border prospered from the influx of cheap labor and they did everything in their power to keep illegal aliens from being deported Today, however, we find that immigration is not seen as a positive for our country, but rather it is unquestionably considered a problem today in America. Some may believe that the threat of illegal immigrants is based on unsound fears. But in my opinion most illegal immigrants come here to live a better life than they lived in the country they lived in before. Most suffer where they used to live, therefore, they decide to move somewhere where they think the economy is better and they will have a better opportunity to get a job, and live a better life. Many believe that its unfair that low-income immigrants receive public benefits such as Supplemental Assistance Nutrition Program (SNAP) at lower rate than low-income born citizens. Many people say that immigrants use more public benefits than the native born. This has created a lot of serious and unfair burden for citizens. All illegal immigrants enter a country they’re not from thinking that if they don’t they won’t be able to give their kids a better life and better education opportunities. There are currently almost 12 million illegal immigrants in America. How to cite Illegal Immigration, good or bad?, Papers

Amway in China free essay sample

Q1 Why is it important for Amway to be good corporate citizen in China? Can â€Å"doing good† overcome negative or inaccurate perceptions of the direct selling industry in China? It is important for Amway to be a good corporate citizen in China. It is because Amway would like to change the perception of multilevel marketing/ direct sell. The Chinese officials interpreted the direct selling as â€Å"passing product from one layer of participants to another layer of participants, with product price increased at each layer†. In another words, they think that the end consumer pay more than the actual product value. And in certain extend, it reflect also the general perception of Chinese citizens on Amway. As a result, even Amway claimed that they are more concern about the product quality instead of business license, but people just simply by pass this point. Being a good corporate citizen can change the image of Amway, showing Amway care about the Chinese, not just their m oney. We will write a custom essay sample on Amway in China or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Secondly it is a kind of compromise with China officials, to exchange an authorization from them to allow Amway to continue the business in a legal way. Continuously convincing China official to modify the regulations, allowing Amway in certain extends, to do direct sales business in China. Thirdly, being a good â€Å"Corporate Citizen†, staying close with China officials, knowing the most updated regulation in the quickest way. Having chance to negotiate with China official about how to adopt the new regulations. From the result of Amway turnover and the sales network expansion in greater China, yes, they have overcome the bad image of direct sales. Amway shows their intension to become a member of China, building up their manufacturing plants, creating job opportunities to China people, helping China in the case of joining WTO. Giving China people an impression that they are no just a foreign company who just want to make profit from Chain, but also to invest growth together with China people. Q2 To what degree has Amway standardized its brand globally? How has it adopted its promotion strategy to local conditions in China? Despite of the product quality, another core part of the Amway brand is the multilevel direct sell, which they believe it is where the profit lie. They think that letting people to set up their own selling network, own selling team, getting profit/commission/compensation base on their effort and result, are the most effective way to generate business. Amway views their product portfolio in terms of the way in which products support the business opportunity. The intention of Amway to maintain this kind of business model can be seem from the way that Amway to do business in China. With the government regulation, Amway have changed the way to do business in China. However, they are in a way that not directly hiring the staff to sell the product. Instead, they give their â€Å"agents† compensation base on team performance and own sales result. After the China official first announced the restriction of direct sales, Amway has set up a nationwide network of retail outlet, act as the bases for the direct sellers to promote the items. Giving each product a retail price and letting the registered direct seller to have discount from the retail price. The registered direct sellers can get their own profit for the different between retail prices and discount price. With the reinforcement of the regulation, Amway further modified the business model by recruiting sales representatives to promote their products and getting compensation base on performance and result. At the same time, Amway has done more advertisement, which could help the sales representative to generate the business. Q3 What options does Amway have to address the new regulations on direct selling in China? What are the advantages and disadvantages associated with each? To address the new regulations, Amway has: 1). Setting up retail location, the major reason/advantage is that it could let Amway to get business license and continuous business in China. On the other hand, it helps Amway to set up national sales network also. However, it can be easily understand that the cost to maintain and expand the retail shop will be high. 2). Setting up recruit system, which help Amway to get the business license, and at the same time to maintain the quality of the agents/representative. The approval to continue business stipulated that  sales representative income was base on individual result. The limited the attraction of forms of direct selling that might lead to pyramid frauds. However, the administrative cost of the recruiting/hiring system will be higher and motivation to the sales to form a team is less. 3). Doing more advertising, which help to improve the image of Amway in general public. Turning their focus on Amway’s business model towards the quality of Amway’s product. It also helps to facilitate the sales by letting consumer know more about Amway and their retail location/sales network. However, advertising always cost a lot especially in tier one cities in China. 4). Doing corporate sponsorships to enhanced its reputation in China. Helping them to have go relationship with China official and also good image in general public. However, in order to get this result, Amway has to continuously doing the corporate sponsorship in long term and the input of money might be huge. 5). Setting up production facilities in China, to reduce the depended on importing the products to China market and also generate the job position for China workers However maintaining the production facilities and adopting labor regulation might cost a lot. 6). Helping China in participation in the WTO, which help Amway to improve their relationship with China officials. However, the return of these kind of volunteer jobs is not guaranteed. Q4 What is your recommendation for a communication strategy during this transition period? First of all, there are several stakeholders that Amway should put more focus on them and they are China Government, Individual business partners, Consumer, Competitors, Media and Headquarter. Amway should always state close with China officials and maybe setting up conference for them, letting them know more about direct selling and the international regulation. Helping Chia government in setting examination system and make sure the certification system is up to international standard. So the Amway can get the most updated regulation information from China and become one to parties in setting up the certification system. By providing training, assessment to the individual business partners (sales), helping them to get the certificate. This could ensure the professional service quality provided by Amway sales representatives. At the same time, the sales representatives can understand more about the Amway  brand and become more loyalty to the company. They are more willing to work in Amway, where provide them training and opportunities. Letting the consumers know that with the new examination and certification system. Amway sales representative are professional and selling good quality product with reasonable value. A good communication with media must be ensured, so that it could let the general public know the changes of Amway and the cooperation social activities done by Amway. It could help to build up good reputation and image of Amway and their business models. As a result not resist on direct sale. Amway China should always give feedback to headquarter. Letting them keep update with the new regulations in China. Making proposals to adopt the change and getting fully understanding and support from headquarter.

Analysis of Vark Learning Styles Essay Sample free essay sample

Everyone has their ain preferable manner how to larn. when to larn and what is learned. It has been noted there are four chief ways. or manners of larning. ocular. auditory. read/write and kinaesthetic. These manners are represented by the rubric VARK. VARK is really the questionnaire which people can utilize to find which larning method they prefer. Whether a person’s manner of acquisition is identified or non. the importance is that persons realize what works best for them. This preferable manner can be utilized in a schoolroom. every bit good as in a council chamber or conference room at work. This paper will explicate briefly the four acquisition manners and an in-depth analysis of the kinaesthetic manner. the preferable manner of this author. Peoples by and large use a combination of manners when they learn. but most frequently one or two chief types are the manners in which persons learn best. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Vark Learning Styles Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ocular scholars are those who learn through observation or detecting things. They prefer charts and graphs or other ocular AIDSs. Diagrams and flow charts work good with them when showing a hard procedure. If they can see the flow. they can retrieve the procedure. They prefer quiet milieus when analyzing and need to believe for a spot while digesting a teacher’s talk. Auditory scholars comprehend best when they hear things. They frequently talk to themselves and read out loud to assist understand stuff. The audile scholar does good in survey groups. is non afraid to talk up and likes to explicate things to others. Listening to a taped recording of a talk is an easy manner for this scholar to analyze. Read/write scholars do best with written work. They prefer to read an assignment or write notes while an unwritten presentation is given. They frequently merely necessitate to read something one time and they remember it. They will utilize note cards and the procedure of composing things down helps to procure the information in their encephalon. Kinesthetic scholars are active scholars. They learn while making things or watching the procedure being done. If they have external stimul ation such as music. they tend to concentrate better. They can larn intricate waies if they have acted them out or hold mimicked the procedure. Their attending span can be shorter than others. and therefore if they can acquire up and travel sporadically. they learn better every bit good. If given a reading assignment. they prefer to be â€Å"active† readers. foregrounding things or composing things down to maintain their custodies busy. Some schemes that help kinaesthetic scholars win are 1s affecting gesture. The kinaesthetic scholars should take short frequent interruptions. should hold some distraction like music or a fan on in the background. and have many highlighters on manus to utilize. The kinaesthetic scholars benefit from a soft squeezing ball or a Koosh ball to maintain their custodies busy but maintain their head unfastened to treating information. Presentations or Youtube presentations of things are ideal ways for kinaesthetic scholars to understand a complicated procedure. If kinaesthetic scholars can return presentations as good. this truly helps to beef up the acquisition procedure. Using the kinaesthetic manner in nursing is applicable particularly in the instruction of nursing techniques. If there is a complicated dressing alteration or a har d endovenous process. the kinaesthetic scholar performs best if first detecting the process being done and so the following clip. executing the technique independently. If there are alterations within electronic charting. the kinaesthetic scholar observes the teacher traveling through the stairss one by one and so making this new charting on their ain computing machine. If there is new medical equipment. the kinaesthetic scholar does best by watching the medical company representative demonstrate how the equipment is to be used. alternatively of reading the waies. While the kinaesthetic manner is the 1 preferred by this author there are several schemes which have non been applied over the past hebdomads and could be utile ; sitting on a big exercising ball while reading chapters could assist with concentrating on the written text. taking interruptions more frequently during every night study periods may turn out helpful every bit good. It is imperative to the kinaesthetic scholar to distribute out a week’s worth of prep equally over the hebdomad. and non jaming all into two or three darks. It would besides be helpful to this kinaesthetic scholar to utilize highlighters on a more consistent footing. and possibly the usage of more than one colour would turn out good. In decision. it is known people use all four manners of larning during their l ife. but frequently one manner is dominant and most helpful. This dominant manner can change depending on what needs to be learned. Some undertakings may necessitate a individual use a certain manner of larning. and so another undertaking may hold the scholar use a different method. The preferable learning manner can help people in happening methods and tips for them to be better pupils and win in many facets of their life. Mentions hypertext transfer protocol: //gcumedia. com/digital-resources/grand-canyon-university/2012/university-success_ebook_2e. php hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nwlink. com/~donclark/hrd/styles/vakt. hypertext markup language hypertext transfer protocol: //www. vark-learn. com/english/page. asp? p=questionnaire

william wordsworth and william blake

william wordsworth and william blake Free Online Research Papers William Wordsworth and William Blake: The use of light and dark imagery to create memory In the poem’s â€Å"Ode, Intimations of Immortality† by William Wordsworth and â€Å"The Tyger† and â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† by William Blake from Songs of Experience, the poets use light and dark imagery to give the audience a picture of life and, ultimately, death. The poems all have the idea of death in common but most importantly, both poets are able to enhance the reader’s experience by providing them with a real sense of place and emotion through their use of imagery. Not only do the authors interpret their senses into light versus darkness, they also use imagery of both to provide us with a way to comprehend the themes of life and death. All three poems have a common theme of how one’s memory can affect the way they perceive death and the afterlife. The use of light and dark imagery in all three poems are similar because they give a firm grasping of reminiscence, enlist the aid of light and dark imagery to show us death, and give th e readers a clear vision of the place the author is trying to describe. In all three of the selected poems there is a common thread wove amongst them of how a person thinks about the afterlife and in particular, heaven. In â€Å"Ode, Intimations on Immortality† Wordsworth writes, â€Å"Forebode not any severing of our loves! / Yet in my heart of hearts I feel your might† (Wordsworth XI, 2-3). In these lines and the ones that follow Wordsworth gives us a clear picture of what heaven is to him. It is a severing of one’s delights and loves, and â€Å"another race (that) hath been† (Wordsworth XI, 13). For William Blake, the idea of heaven is less subtle as he deals with it in a darker way. In â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† he writes, â€Å"Because I was happy upon the heath, / And smiled among the winter’s snow/ They clothed me in the clothes of death, / And taught me to sing the notes of woe† ( Blake 5-8). Blake’s description of the dark clothing and the songs of sadness represent death and the feelings o f the character about the way his life has been. Blake’s â€Å"The Tyger† is similar in nature but reflects upon who is the Creator of the tyger that the author is talking about in the poem. The use of light and dark imagery within each of the three poems is profound. In Wordsworth’s poem especially there is a great use of this technique to describe the world that the author saw as a child and the world he grew up to experience. â€Å"The earth, and every common sight/ To me did seem/ appareled in celestial light, / the glory and the freshness of a dream† (Wordsworth I, 2-5). However, the author laments by the end of the poem that the world does not look so glorious anymore, the product of his impending end of life, describing how â€Å"The Clouds that gather round the setting sun/ Do take a sober colouring from an eye† (Wordsworth XI, 9-10). In â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† it is the mood that takes on a darker tone, with the beginning saying, â€Å"A little black thing in the snow, / Crying ‘weep! Weep!’ in notes of woe!† (Blake I, 1-2). Descriptions of winter, snow, and â€Å"the clothes of death† finish out the dark tone, while â€Å"The Tyger† speaks of â€Å"When the stars threw down their spears/ And watered heaven with their tears† (Blake 13-14). The use of dark imagery in both comes through loud and clear. The use of light and dark enhances the mood of each poem and creates a very real vision of bleakness versus light, giving the reader a sense of place. In â€Å"The Tyger† especially there is a great deal of description that gives the reader a good sense of the jungle or woods where the poem is taking place. Blake writes, â€Å"Tyger! Tyger! burning bright/ In the forests of the night,/ What immortal hand or eye/ Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?†, giving the mood a fearful luster and using the image of a dark forest to create the place which he is trying to show the reader. In Wordsworths poem his descriptions of the fields, streams, and other places in the authors memory. â€Å"The winds come to me from the fields of sleep,/ And all the earth is gay,/ Land and sea/ Give themselves up to jollity† (Wordsworth 28-31). Each of the poems gives a clear picture of the place the authors imagined in their minds when they wrote the poems, by using light and dark imagery. The poetry of William Blake and William Wordsworth all share the common factors of darkness, light, and reminiscence. What is important about these poems is that sense of time and place that is created through the use of dark and light imagery, and how it sets the tone for the poems. While each writer takes a different approach, the themes of life, death, and heaven are made inherently obvious through the use of imagery and color in the poems. They let us remember something along with the writers, whether it is a bleak memory or a fair one, and gives us a real sense of place. Blake, William. The Chimney Sweeper. About: Quotations. 23 Jan. 2007 . Blake, William. The Tyger From Songs of Experience. William Blake. 24 Jan. 2007 . Wordsworth, William. Ode: Intimations of Immortality. Bartleby. 23 Jan. 2007 . 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Immigration In The United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Immigration In The United States - Essay Example During this period the ban on Asian entry was lifted and all the nations were on an equal footing. This brought in an unexpected flow of immigrants from Korea, Taiwan, China, and the Philippines. There was a sharp and sudden increase in immigration from India, China, and Korea by 1980s and as a result, the population of Asians in the US started rising. As the economic and political condition in Vietnam deteriorated, the US government had no alternative but to allow them to enter the US. For different reasons, immigration from Latin America and Asia surged during the 1980s. It is also estimated that by 1990 there were additional 3.3 million undocumented immigrants living in the US of which 75 percent were from Mexico. In 1996, the total Mexican population in the United States was 7.15 million of whom 2.35 million or 38 percent were unauthorized. There was a backlash against the immigrants in the mid-nineties when the federal immigration law became punitive and restrictive. The immigra nts were blamed for the social and economic problems. There was a fear that Americans of European descent would become a minority and this projected shift is already evident in urban areas like Los Angeles and Miami (Massey, 1995). Immigration is changing the size and composition of major cities in the US. Card (2007) says that immigrants are usually drawn to expanding cities particularly to cities with historical enclaves of earlier immigrants. Immigrant arrivals increase the local population with a limited outflow of other groups.